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Patterns of use and needs assessment of young adults using illicit drugs in Prague
Gažová, Nikola ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Černíková, Tereza (referee)
Background: Understanding patterns of use and the needs of young adult users of illegal addictive substances presents a challenge primarily due to the hidden nature of this problem. Individuals engaging in problem drug use (PDU) may face severe health and social problems. Prague stands among regions with the highest prevalence of PDU, yet low-threshold addiction services note an aging trend among their clients. Establishing contact with this group has the potential to reduce consequences and encourage less risky usage patterns, while simultaneously facilitating entry into further addiction care services. Aim: The aim of the research was to analyze the needs of the young adult substance users in Prague, who fit the definition of PDU according to EMCDDA, with a focus on identifying patterns of usage and needs in relation to low-threshold addiction services. The research results were intended to serve as an initiative for improving the services provided. Methods: A study employing the Rapid Assessment and Response (RAR) method was conducted. The research sample was obtained through purposive sampling and comprised 6 young adults in PDU in Prague (3 in contact with services, 3 from the hidden population), along with 18 key informants (peer workers, experts from low-threshold and other social services,...
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Treatment of imprisoned drug users
Koňák, Tomáš ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The main goal of the theoretical part of submitted theses is to describe the field of specialized treatment of imprisoned drug users. The author's emphasis is to put the specialized treatment to a broader frame of the Risk-needs theory as well as to the frame of physical diseases and mental disorders that are often associated with addiction or drug abuse. Different kinds of specialized interventions that are usually used for treatment of imprisoned drug users in different countries are described. There is although demonstrated in which way these interventions are implemented in Czech prison system. By these interventions are especially meant treatment on the entry at the prison, detoxification, counselling and other programs and interventions with low intensity. Especial emphasis is put on residential prison programmes such as prison therapeutic communities for drug users and on opioid substitution treatment. A great number of pages are dedicated to the research of effectivity of treatment programmes. In the practical part of submitted theses results of cross-sectional study that was implemented in all Czech prisons in three waves in 2010, 2012 and 2014 are presented. Representative samples of Czech prisoners were chosen for the purpose of this cross-sectional study. These prisoners were asked to...
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Problem drug use in the Prague's quarter without functioning specialised harm reduction programme
Jičinská, Lucie ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Janíková, Barbara (referee)
The bachelor paper undertakes a topic of problem drug use, it's development, nature, range of consequences for individuals and the society. It's focused onrecentsituation inproblem drug use in the Czech Republic and Prague, onwork of low-threshold services for problem drug users, drug policy of capital city and particular part of the city. The aim of the research was to analyse the situation of problem drug use in Prague's quarter Michle, where no specialized low-threshold program for drug users is operating. The intention was to find out whether problem drug use exists in the area, what is it's prevalence, patterns, specifics, and whether the low-threshold program is needed. The Rapid Assessment and Response methodologywas used as a method of data collection and analysis - analysis of available data and materials (annual reports of organizations, materials of Prague drug policy) and semi-structured interviews with key informants (problem drug users, representatives of institutions, workers of Prague low-threshold services, locals and informants in the service sector). The views of the overwhelming majority of respondents agree, support and complement each other. Problem drug use is occurring in the Michle district and has its own characteristics (a high proportion of users of buprenorphine, less...
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Methamphetamine use among clients visiting the contact centers in Prague.
Provazníková, Radka ; Reichelová, Lenka (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
AIMS: The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to describe drug-using related behavior patterns of clients of low-treshold facilities in Prague. The thesis is particularly focused on the methamphetamine users. SAMPLE GROUP: The sample group included 58 clients of three Prague contact centers (Sananim, Progressive and Drop-In). The main criteria of inclusion in the sample were the following: the subject visited at least one of the three contact centers in the period during which the study was conducted and they described themselves as mostly-methamphetamine users. Furthermore, clients who did not meet the EMCDDA definition of problem drug use were excluded. METHODS: Anonymous structured questionnaire was used in the survey. The questionnaire was designed solely for the purpose of this survey and the resulting dataset was analyzed by the means of descriptive statistics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to our results, most of problem methamphetamine users, who visit contact centers in Prague, use the drug regularly several times a week. The amount of the drug consumed by a typical problem methamphetamine user seems to be independent of the day of the week and time of the day. An average drug dose is approximately 0,29 grams and the average number of daily doses is two or three. Right before taking...
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Thematic Apperception test in drug users
Slavíčková, Tereza ; Goldmann, Petr (advisor) ; Soukupová, Tereza (referee)
SLAVÍČKOVÁ, T. Tématicko apercepční test u uživatelů drog. Pedagogická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze, 2012. 140 s. Diplomová práce. Diplomová práce měla za cíl odhalit specifika použití TAT u problémových a závislých uživatelů drog a na základě srovnání s výsledky, kterých v testu dosáhla kontrolní skupina, přinést evidenci pro zhodnocení diagnostického potenciálu TAT u uživatelů drog. Výzkumné šetření bylo provedeno v Kolíně na klientech nízkoprahového kontaktního centra, které poskytuje služby harm reduction skryté populaci uživatelů nealkoholových drog. Těžiště výzkumu bezprostředně souvisí s metodou analýzy příběhů, jejichž vyprávění bylo u probandů vyvoláno předložením tabulí TAT. K analýze příběhů byl použit psychometricky zakotvený skórovací systém SCORS (Social Cognition - Object Relation Scale) současného amerického autora D. Westena. Použití TAT u uživatelů drog tak bylo zaměřeno na zhodnocení úrovně jejich fungování v sociálních vztazích. Metodologický princip diplomové práce tkví v induktivním usuzování a statistickém zpracování dat. Způsob zpracování dat, který je až na několik oblastí výhradně v režii kvantitativních metod, spolu s dostatečně velkým souborem zkoumaných osob umožňuje zobecnění důležitých rozdílů ve výsledcích TAT u výzkumné a kontrolní skupiny. V rámci analýzy...
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Benzodiazepine use in clients of harm reduction programs of SEMIRAMIS z.ú: questionnaire survey
Staš, Filip ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Janíková, Barbara (referee)
BACKGROUND: Abuse of psychoactive drugs shows up to 900 thousand people in Czech Republic, benzodiazepine (further referred as BZD) alprazolam abuse up to 270 thousand people. This is a long-hidden and unresolved problem that also affects people who use drugs. AIMS: The aim of this work is to describe the occurrence of benzodiazepine use among the clients of outreach program and contact center SEMIRAMIS z.ú. To fulfill it, research questions were formulated with focus on prevalence of use, sources of BZD, patterns of their use, the occurrence of risk use of BZD and knowledge of the risks associated with BZD use. METHODS: Quantitative research using a standardized questionnaire was used for data collection and processing. Sample consisted of 79 respondents from clients of the above- mentioned programs using the method of self-selection and selection by judgment. The obtained data were processed using coding, qualitative data from open questions were subjected to basic qualitative analysis. Sorted data were then analyzed and compared using descriptive-statistical methods. MAIN RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of benzodiazepine use was 67 %, in the last year 37 % of respondents used BZD. 31 % of respondents use them daily or at least once a week. The most commonly used was Rivotril. 44 % of respondents...
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Influence of growth in institutional care facilities on the development of addiction at selected respondents: case studies
Kunášková, Jana ; Libra, Jiří (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Petra (referee)
Background: The main source of the thesis is John Bowlby's Attachment Theory and Erik Erikson's theory The Eight Ages of a Man. The thesis works with the assumption that the separation or loss of the mother figure, in this case by transition to institutional care, affects the personality development. Aim: The aim of this work is to find out whether separation from the parent figure or its complete loss is the main reason for their dependence on addictive substances, eventualy which other factors were present in their lives. The partial goal is to find out how the respondents are doing in relationships. File and methods: The thesis analyzes the life story of respondents through the application of selected theories. The sample consists of four clients of the SANANIM drop in center. A case report was elaborated through consulting sessions. Special attention is paid to institutional care, family environment and client's relationships. Results: Respondents perceive their stay in an institution care facilities as one of the factors that led to the substance abuse and their current lifestyle. It has been found that they find it more difficult to establish healthy relationships and deal with negative emotions, which may be one of the reasons of substance abuse. Key words: addictive substance, addiction,...
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Changes on the opiate scene in the Czech Republic after 1990 and analysis of current situation among problem opioid users: a survey of clients in Czech low-threshold treatment programmes
Malinovská, Jana ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Janíková, Barbara (referee)
Opioid use among problem drug users in the CR can be divided into several developmental periods, starting with the heroin epidemic after 1990 with the decline of methamphetamine use and followed by leakage of buprenorphine products to the black market. There is currently a continuous use of buprenorphine from the black market and an increase in use of opioid analgesics. The theoretical part of the work was concerned with the development of opioid use in the Czech Republic after 1990 and with the trends during the years from 1990 until the present. The practical part consisted of a cross-sectional study; a semi structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The research sample was made of 68 clients who had previously used an opioid drug and visited the Prague contact centres Drop In, o.p.s. and Stage 5, Progressive, o.p.s. where the data were collected during December 2016 and February 2017. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The most used opioids in the last month were Subutex®, Suboxone® and heroin, to the lesser extent opium and fentanyl. Czech "braun", methadone, Vendal®, morphine and Addnok® were used only sporadically. Respondents had also experience with use of other opioids, such as Palladone®, Tramal®, Ravata® and codeine. The most common form of drug application...
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Treatment of imprisoned drug users
Koňák, Tomáš ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The main goal of the theoretical part of submitted theses is to describe the field of specialized treatment of imprisoned drug users. The author's emphasis is to put the specialized treatment to a broader frame of the Risk-needs theory as well as to the frame of physical diseases and mental disorders that are often associated with addiction or drug abuse. Different kinds of specialized interventions that are usually used for treatment of imprisoned drug users in different countries are described. There is although demonstrated in which way these interventions are implemented in Czech prison system. By these interventions are especially meant treatment on the entry at the prison, detoxification, counselling and other programs and interventions with low intensity. Especial emphasis is put on residential prison programmes such as prison therapeutic communities for drug users and on opioid substitution treatment. A great number of pages are dedicated to the research of effectivity of treatment programmes. In the practical part of submitted theses results of cross-sectional study that was implemented in all Czech prisons in three waves in 2010, 2012 and 2014 are presented. Representative samples of Czech prisoners were chosen for the purpose of this cross-sectional study. These prisoners were asked to...
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